Izinjongo zivumela ama-microscopes ukuthi anikeze izithombe ezikhulisiwe, zangempela futhi, mhlawumbe, ingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-microscope ngenxa yomklamo wazo wezinto eziningi. Izinjongo ziyatholakala ngokukhuliswa okusukela ku-2X - 100X. Ahlukaniswa abe izigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: uhlobo lwendabuko lwe-refractive kanye ne-refleive. Izinhloso zisetshenziswa kakhulu ngemiklamo emibili yokubona: imiklamo ye-conjugate enomkhawulo noma engapheli. Ngedizayini yokubona enomkhawulo, ukukhanya okuvela endaweni kugxiliswe kwenye indawo ngosizo lwezakhi ezimbalwa ze-optical. Kumklamo ongapheli we-conjugate, ukukhanya okuphambukisayo kusuka endaweni kwenziwa kuhambisane.
Ngaphambi kokuthi izinhloso ezilungisiwe ezingapheli zethulwe, wonke ama-microscopes ayenobude obungaguquki beshubhu. Izibonakhulu ezingasebenzisi i-infinity corrected optical system inobude beshubhu obucacisiwe - okungukuthi, ibanga elimisiwe ukusuka kucezu lwekhala lapho umgomo unamathiselwe endaweni lapho i-ocular ihlala khona eshubhu yeso. I-Royal Microscopical Society yenza ubude beshubhu ye-microscope ibe ngu-160mm phakathi nekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye futhi leli zinga lamukelwa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-100.
Uma izesekeli ezibonayo ezifana nesikhanyiso esime mpo noma isisekeli esihlukanisayo zengezwa endleleni yokukhanya yesibonakhulu esigxilile sobude beshubhu isistimu yokubona eyake yalungiswa kahle manje isinobude beshubhu obusebenzayo obungaphezu kuka-160mm. Ukuze kulungiswe ushintsho kubude beshubhu abakhiqizi baphoqeleka ukuthi babeke izakhi ezengeziwe ze-optical kuzisekeli ukuze baphinde bamise ubude beshubhu engu-160mm. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwakuholela ekwandiseni ukukhuliswa nokuncipha kokukhanya.
Umkhiqizi wesibonakhulu waseJalimane u-Reichert waqala ukuhlola amasistimu okubona alungisiwe angenasiphelo ngawo-1930s. Kodwa-ke, i-infinity optical system ayizange ibe yindawo evamile kuze kube yiminyaka yawo-1980.
Amasistimu wokubona we-infinity avumela ukwethulwa kwezingxenye ezisizayo, ezifana namaprism ahlukanisayo (i-DIC), ama-polarizer, nezikhanyisi ze-epi-fluorescence, endleleni yokubona ehambisanayo phakathi kwenhloso kanye nelensi yeshubhu enomphumela omncane kuphela ekugxilweni nasekulungiseni okungahambi kahle.
Ku-conjugate engapheli, noma i-infinity elungisiwe, idizayini yokubona, ukukhanya okuvela emthonjeni obekwe endaweni engapheli kugxilwe phansi kuya endaweni encane. Kumpokophelo, indawo into engaphansi kokuhlolwa futhi ikhomba i-infinity eyepiece, noma inzwa uma kusetshenziswa ikhamera. Lolu hlobo lwedizayini yesimanje lusebenzisa ilensi yeshubhu eyengeziwe phakathi kwento nengxenye yamehlo ukuze kukhiqizwe isithombe. Yize lo mklamo uyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunomlingani wawo we-conjugate olinganiselwe, uvumela ukwethulwa kwezingxenye zokubona njengezihlungi, ama-polarizer, nezihlukanisi ze-beam endleleni yokubona. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlaziywa kwesithombe okwengeziwe kanye ne-extrapolation kungenziwa ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isibonelo, ukungeza isihlungi phakathi kwenhloso kanye ne-tube lens kuvumela umuntu ukuthi abuke ubude begagasi obuthile bokukhanya noma avimbe ubude obungadingeki obungaphazamisa ukusetha. Izicelo ze-fluorescence microscopy zisebenzisa lolu hlobo lomklamo. Enye inzuzo yokusebenzisa i-conjugate design engapheli yikhono lokushintsha ukukhuliswa ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Njengoba ukukhuliswa kwenhloso kuyisilinganiso se-tube lens ubude bokugxila
(Ilensi ye-fTube)kuya kubude bokugxila benhloso (Injongo)(Isibalo 1), ukukhulisa noma ukwehlisa ubude bendawo yokugxila yeshubhu kushintsha ukukhuliswa kwenhloso. Ngokujwayelekile, ilensi yeshubhu iyilensi ye-achromatic enobude obugxilwe obungu-200mm, kodwa obunye ubude bokugxila bungashintshwa futhi, ngaleyo ndlela kwenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo ukukhuliswa okuphelele kwesistimu yesibonakhulu. Uma inhloso iyi-conjugate engapheli, kuzoba nophawu lwe-infinity olutholakala emzimbeni wenhloso.
1 mObjective=fTube Lens/fObjective
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-06-2022